Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and phenotypic identification of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli from isolates of patients attending Edo Specialist Hospital, Nigeria

Omosigho, Pius Omoruyi; Odede, Kome Ruth; Okesanya, Olalekan John

doi:10.21608/mid.2024.318381.2194

Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and phenotypic identification of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli from isolates of patients attending Edo Specialist Hospital, Nigeria

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Edo State University, Uzairue, Benin, Nigeria

² Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Maritime Transport, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece

10.21608/mid.2024.318381.2194

Abstract

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant threat to global health, with a growing prevalence rate in Escherichia coli, with Africa carrying the greatest burden. Treatment techniques are complicated by carbapenem resistance and the formation of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), underscoring the urgent need for surveillance and efficient control measures. We aim to investigate the prevalence, pattern, and phenotypic identification of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing E. coli strains. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was carried out at the Edo Specialist Hospital in Nigeria. A total of 355 clinical bacterial isolates were gathered and examined for the presence of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing E. coli through the double disk synergy test and modified Hodge test, respectively, according to CLSI. Results: Among the 335 isolates used in the study, the prevalence of E. coli infection was 42(11.8%) with the highest prevalence among ages 60-74, isolated from seven samples, with urine being the highest. 26(61.9%) of the isolates were strains that produced ESBLs, while 18(42.9%) produced carbapenemase. There was no statistically significant relationship between the variables with ESBL and carbapenemase-producing strains at p>0.05. The antimicrobial susceptibility showed variable sensitivity patterns, with high sensitivity to Ofloxacin 23(52.4%), Gentamycin 19(45.2%), and Streptomycin 18(42.9%), and substantial resistance to aminoglycosides and beta-lactam cephalosporins. Conclusion: The high prevalence of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing E. coli strains in Nigerian healthcare necessitates improved surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship, and infection control measures. Multidisciplinary collaboration and targeted interventions are crucial for mitigating antimicrobial resistance and optimizing patient care.

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